Course Program ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (second cuatrimestre2010)
infrared spectroscopy (IR)
-The electromagnetic spectrum and absorción.-vibration spectroscopy and molecular absorption frequencies in the region infrarroja.-The use of infrared spectroscopy to study chemical transformations. -Examples of infrared spectra of organic compounds, alkynes, alkenes, alcohols, amines, carbonyl derivatives, etc.
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (NMR)
"The origin of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy NMR protones.-Definition and meaning of the terms: number of signals, chemical shift, intensity signals, multiplicity, constant acoplamiento.-Analysis and interpretation of 1H NMR spectrum.
aldehydes and ketones. ADDITION REACTIONS ON CARBON ATOMS electrophile.
-Introduction of carbonyl compounds. Group characteristics carbonilo.-Nomenclature of carbonyl compounds. -Preparation of aldehydes and ketones. -Reactivity of the carbonyl group. "Mechanism of nucleophilic addition reactions. -Addition of nucleophilic hydride ion. Reduction of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. Addition of the nucleophile-carbonyl cyanide. Cyanohydrin formation. Addition of other carbon-nucleophilic carbonyl group. "Reactions of aldehydes and ketones with alcohols. Formation of acetals and ketals. "Protective Groups in síntesis.-nucleophilic addition reactions related to ammonia and derivatives.
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES. Acyl nucleophilic substitution reaction.
Properties of the functional groups of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. -Nomenclature of carboxylic acids and their derivados.-Acidity of carboxylic acids. (Relationship of pKa and resonant structures) .- Preparation of the fatty carboxílicos.-Conversion of carboxylic acids to acid chlorides and anhydrides ácidos.-reactions of derivatives of carboxylic acids with water as nucleophile. -Reaction of carboxylic acids, anhydrides and derivatives with alcohols as nucleophiles. Oxígeno.-acylation in the reaction of derivatives of carboxylic acids with ammonia or amines as nucleophiles. Acylation on nitrogen. Synthetic transformations and compounds of interest biológico.-reactions of Grignard and organolithium reagents with carboxylic acids and their derivatives. -Reduction of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Hydride formation metálicos.-Lactones.
Enol and enolate anion as nucleophiles. ALKYLATION REACTIONS AND CONDENSATION. CONJUGATE ADDITION REACTIONS. Training
of enols and enolates. "Reactions of enols and enolatos.-Regioselectivity of the enolization reaction. Vs. thermodynamic enolates enolates cinéticos.-anion reactions of ketones and esters enolates with alkyl halides as anions electrófilos.-reactions enolates with carbonyl compounds: aldol reaction, Claisen condensation, condensation reactions Dieckmann.-nucleophiles with carbonyl compounds alpha , beta-unsaturated and electrophiles. Examples: organocúpricos reagents, Michael reaction, Robinson aside.
carbohydrates.
-structure and natural abundance of carbohydrates. "Structure and stereochemistry of sugars. "Reactions of monosaccharides as alcoholes.-carbonyl compounds and oxidation reactions of sugars. Mono-synthetic transformations. -Disaccharides, formation of acetal or glycosidic bond. Ejemplos.-polysaccharides.
LIPIDS.
-Definition, classification, saponifiable, non-saponificables.-Differentiation between lipids, fats, oils and waxes. Terpenos.-Esteroides.-surfactant-soaps.
AMINES. -Structure and natural abundance of amine. -Nomenclature of Amines. -Basic amines. (Relationship of pKa and resonant structures) .- Preparation of aminas.-nitrosation reactions of aminas.-quaternary nitrogen compounds, ammonium salts cuaternarias.-Hofmann elimination reaction.
AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS.
-structure and chemical properties. Training Clasificación. the peptide bond or link amida. Synthesis of peptides and proteins in solution and solid phase. HETERO
.
-aromatic heterocyclic compounds: reactions as acids and bases.-substitution reactions in heterocyclic compounds, ejemplos.-Pyrimidines, purines and pyridines of biological significance. -Heterocycles of five major-Alcaloides. biológica. nucleic acids, nucleosides, Nucleotides.
synthetic polymers. -Monomers and polímeros.-polyethylene, rubber, Dacron, styrene, polystyrene, polyurethane, polycarbonate.
infrared spectroscopy (IR)
-The electromagnetic spectrum and absorción.-vibration spectroscopy and molecular absorption frequencies in the region infrarroja.-The use of infrared spectroscopy to study chemical transformations. -Examples of infrared spectra of organic compounds, alkynes, alkenes, alcohols, amines, carbonyl derivatives, etc.
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (NMR)
"The origin of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy NMR protones.-Definition and meaning of the terms: number of signals, chemical shift, intensity signals, multiplicity, constant acoplamiento.-Analysis and interpretation of 1H NMR spectrum.
aldehydes and ketones. ADDITION REACTIONS ON CARBON ATOMS electrophile.
-Introduction of carbonyl compounds. Group characteristics carbonilo.-Nomenclature of carbonyl compounds. -Preparation of aldehydes and ketones. -Reactivity of the carbonyl group. "Mechanism of nucleophilic addition reactions. -Addition of nucleophilic hydride ion. Reduction of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. Addition of the nucleophile-carbonyl cyanide. Cyanohydrin formation. Addition of other carbon-nucleophilic carbonyl group. "Reactions of aldehydes and ketones with alcohols. Formation of acetals and ketals. "Protective Groups in síntesis.-nucleophilic addition reactions related to ammonia and derivatives.
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES. Acyl nucleophilic substitution reaction.
Properties of the functional groups of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. -Nomenclature of carboxylic acids and their derivados.-Acidity of carboxylic acids. (Relationship of pKa and resonant structures) .- Preparation of the fatty carboxílicos.-Conversion of carboxylic acids to acid chlorides and anhydrides ácidos.-reactions of derivatives of carboxylic acids with water as nucleophile. -Reaction of carboxylic acids, anhydrides and derivatives with alcohols as nucleophiles. Oxígeno.-acylation in the reaction of derivatives of carboxylic acids with ammonia or amines as nucleophiles. Acylation on nitrogen. Synthetic transformations and compounds of interest biológico.-reactions of Grignard and organolithium reagents with carboxylic acids and their derivatives. -Reduction of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Hydride formation metálicos.-Lactones.
Enol and enolate anion as nucleophiles. ALKYLATION REACTIONS AND CONDENSATION. CONJUGATE ADDITION REACTIONS. Training
of enols and enolates. "Reactions of enols and enolatos.-Regioselectivity of the enolization reaction. Vs. thermodynamic enolates enolates cinéticos.-anion reactions of ketones and esters enolates with alkyl halides as anions electrófilos.-reactions enolates with carbonyl compounds: aldol reaction, Claisen condensation, condensation reactions Dieckmann.-nucleophiles with carbonyl compounds alpha , beta-unsaturated and electrophiles. Examples: organocúpricos reagents, Michael reaction, Robinson aside.
carbohydrates.
-structure and natural abundance of carbohydrates. "Structure and stereochemistry of sugars. "Reactions of monosaccharides as alcoholes.-carbonyl compounds and oxidation reactions of sugars. Mono-synthetic transformations. -Disaccharides, formation of acetal or glycosidic bond. Ejemplos.-polysaccharides.
LIPIDS.
-Definition, classification, saponifiable, non-saponificables.-Differentiation between lipids, fats, oils and waxes. Terpenos.-Esteroides.-surfactant-soaps.
AMINES. -Structure and natural abundance of amine. -Nomenclature of Amines. -Basic amines. (Relationship of pKa and resonant structures) .- Preparation of aminas.-nitrosation reactions of aminas.-quaternary nitrogen compounds, ammonium salts cuaternarias.-Hofmann elimination reaction.
AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS.
-structure and chemical properties. Training Clasificación. the peptide bond or link amida. Synthesis of peptides and proteins in solution and solid phase. HETERO
.
-aromatic heterocyclic compounds: reactions as acids and bases.-substitution reactions in heterocyclic compounds, ejemplos.-Pyrimidines, purines and pyridines of biological significance. -Heterocycles of five major-Alcaloides. biológica. nucleic acids, nucleosides, Nucleotides.
synthetic polymers. -Monomers and polímeros.-polyethylene, rubber, Dacron, styrene, polystyrene, polyurethane, polycarbonate.
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